Individual perceptions of group work environment, motivation, and achievement

Abstract The learning environment is an important factor in both learner motivation and outcomes. As second language (L2) classrooms frequently employ group work, clarifying the environmental effects work settings to improve pedagogical application this context. This study examined cross-sectional structural relations among factors of environment, motivation, outcomes for L2 learners at various English proficiency levels. Japanese university students ( N = 200) were engaged activities one semester. Self-reported data on course grades, standardized test scores analyzed using path moderation models. Results revealed that significantly affected motivation. Learners who perceived stronger cohesion greater engagement likely find more enjoyable less prone amotivation. However, those perceiving weaker lesser tended display opposite motivational pattern. Further, effect was evident regardless level. further showed associated with achievement, thereby indicating indirectly influenced via